Gen Z characteristics: how this generation will redefine finance in the next five years

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Even in comparison to their young millennial counterparts, Gen Z’s characteristics are different in many ways. Born between 1996 and 2010, Gen Z is anywhere between 11 to 25 years old in 2021. They account for about one-third of the world population and have an estimated spending power of $143 billion. Not to mention they’re also on their way to inherit billions more in the next decade.

A couple of Generation Z’s characteristics, like their close relationship to their phones, are obvious to spot from the outside. But what we don’t see as easily, such as their financial habits and mindset, are to redefine our world in the next five to ten years.

Here is a rundown of Gen Z’s financial habits and what to expect in the next five years as they grow into their own and take the financial world by storm. 

Gen Z money habits

The straightforward truth is that Gen Z are stressed about money. Many of them are entering the job market in a highly volatile market, and a recent study showed that 72% of Gen Zers reported experiencing pressure when it came to their financial futures. 

The anxiety that they feel means that, even at a young age, Gen Z are regularly thinking about money and are conscious about their financial future. Perhaps as a result of this, they’re known to be the most financially savvy generation yet, and fiercely budget as a result. A study by Clearpay shows that ​​63% of Gen Z are saving more each month than when their parents were the same age. In addition, they view debt as very bad and go the extra mile to avoid it. Instead, many of them are involved in side hustles to supplement their savings. 

Gen Z investment habits 

Independent and extremely tech-savvy, Gen Z care deeply about their financial futures and invest early. With phones attached to their hands at all times, they’re in tune with financial news, check their portfolios regularly and care about the social and environmental initiatives of the companies they invest in more than older generations. 

When it comes to investing, Gen Z are very risk-tolerant. They’re the first generation to be investing so early and independently, and a study by Barclays shows that nearly half of these young investors plan to invest short term (between 2-5 years) and are making speculative investments. They also may be over-investing in hopes of maximising their returns; 59% report that a substantial investment loss would have a fundamental impact on their future or current lifestyle.

Gen Z banking habits 

It may come as no surprise to you that Gen Z prefers digital, easy and quick solutions to their banking. They are a mobile-first generation and are contributing to the decline in bank branch networks all over the world. As the leaders of using digital solutions, they are nearly three times more likely to use banking and investment apps in comparison to older generations (59% vs 19%). In addition, although Gen Z are very avoidant of debt, they are 50% more likely to use “buy now, pay later” schemes such as Klarna and Payl8r in comparison to older generations, 

How Gen Z will affect the world of finance 

This tech-savvy, early investing generation will only continue to make up a larger and larger portion of consumers and investors in the next five years. As a result, here are a couple of things you can expect: 

  • Fintech will grow tremendously in order to keep up with Gen Z’s demands. Merely digitising current experiences won’t drive growth. Offering brand new, innovative and cheap banking/investing solutions will be key;
  • Physical branches will have less and less importance for banks;
  • Contactless payments and “buy now, pay later” systems will become more popular;
  • Gen Z will likely be the most investment-savvy generation yet as their experiences at a young age will set them up for success in their futures. Most are likely to manage their investments themselves;
  • Because Gen Z’s environmental and social concerns are high, companies will have to show more than just good financial returns in order to retain Gen Z’s investments and business. 

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Can the Rolls-Royce share price survive Omicron?

The Rolls-Royce (LSE:RR) share price, and the stock market in general, has welcomed a bit of a rally over the last few days. After early data showed that existing vaccines will be effective against the Omicron variant, investors’ nerves have somewhat calmed… for now.

However, current UK infection rates are nearing all-time highs, with Omicron acting as a driving force. As such, the probability of another round of lockdowns is climbing. And if it’s anything like what we saw in 2020, Rolls-Royce could be in for further disruption. But can the company prevail?

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Lockdown potential

Rolls Royce has several sources of income as its divisions, focus on a variety of sectors. However, revenue from its aerospace segment represents a large chunk of its cash flow. So it’s not surprising that after travel restrictions were put in place in 2020, this source of income quickly, albeit temporarily, dried up. That’s undoubtedly why the Rolls-Royce share price collapsed in March last year.

Since then, the stock has made a slight recovery. But its 12-month performance is still basically flat, and it continues to trade below pre-pandemic levels. Yet the underlying business has made some encouraging progress, in my opinion.

Looking at today’s trading update, free cash flow is on the rise, thanks to recovering order volumes. As such, management forecasts that it will come in higher than its initial 2021 target of £2bn.

Meanwhile, the company has undergone a major structural overhaul that has delivered over £1bn of savings so far this year. Combining that with a further £2bn of cash from the disposal of non-core assets, Rolls-Royce’s balance sheet is looking much stronger than at the start of 2020. At least that’s what I think.

This is undoubtedly encouraging news, but is it enough to survive another round of lockdowns if harsher restrictions were brought in?

2022 could be a challenging year

Assuming the worst-case scenario, 2022 might see the return of both travel and lockdown restrictions. Needless to say, this could reverse much of the solid recovery progress made by the aerospace industry. And it would likely once again disrupt Roll-Royce’s supply chain for all its divisions, as well as reduce demand for its services.

The increased cash balance does provide the firm with more flexibility than the previous time. However, that capital might not last long, especially since £300m of original equipment expenses are now expected to land in 2022. Should Rolls-Royce’s revenue stream once again evaporate, and the cash reserves get depleted, then I think it’s likely the share price will take a tumble.

So can the stock survive?

All things considered, while there may be volatile times ahead, I believe Rolls-Royce is capable of persevering. However, should the worse come to pass, even if the business survives, it may be years before its share price can return to its former glory.

Personally, I think there are far better investment opportunities for my portfolio elsewhere.

Opportunities, such as…

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  • Since 2016, annual revenues increased 31%
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The Royal Mail share price remains undervalued

The Royal Mail (LSE: RMG) share price has jumped around 14% since the beginning of November. But I think the stock remains undervalued, despite this performance. 

Indeed, shares in the delivery company remain below their 52-week high of 606p. Over the past 12 months, the stock has returned 46%, excluding dividends. 

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Growth returns

To understand why Royal Mail has performed so well over the past year and continues to look undervalued, in my opinion, I need to highlight how the City’s growth expectations for the business have developed over the 12-month period. 

This time last year, analysts had pencilled in earnings per share of 9p for the firm in its 2022 financial year. Analysts were also forecasting earnings of 18p for fiscal 2023. 

However, a year later and analysts are forecasting earnings per share of approximately 61p for this financial year and fiscal 2023. 

The reasons behind the upgrades are twofold. First of all the company’s revenue performance has been better than expected. Parcel delivery volumes have continued to exceed expectations as consumer trends developed during the pandemic have persisted. 

The company has also reduced costs and improved efficiency faster than expected. 

These twin tailwinds have catapulted profits higher, and shareholders are reaping the rewards. As well as the capital gains registered by the stock, management has also outlined plans to return £400m to shareholders with dividends and a share buyback.

Using these figures, the stock currently yields 4.7%. And based on City growth estimates, the Royal Mail share price is currently selling at a forward price-to-earnings (P/E) multiple of 7.3. Its five-year average P/E is closer to 10. 

The outlook for the Royal Mail share price 

Considering the current trends in the parcel delivery market and Royal Mail’s progress in cutting costs and improving efficiency, I think the company has enormous potential.

This potential, as well as the firm’s current valuation, are the reasons why I think the stock is undervalued. 

That said, the company does face several risks and challenges. These include rising labour costs and the supply chain crisis. Both of these issues could significantly impact the group’s overall cost base, reducing overall profitability and growth. I will be watching to see how these affect the corporation as we advance. 

I will also be keeping an eye out for Royal Mail’s progress against competitors. The delivery market is only becoming more competitive, so the firm needs to keep ahead of its rivals or it could be left behind. 

Still, even after taking these risks into account, I think the company has a lot of scope to grow over the few years. Management’s plans to reward shareholders with extra cash also suggest that further cash returns could be on the cards as profits rise. Based on these factors, I would buy the shares for my portfolio today. 

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Rupert Hargreaves has no position in any of the shares mentioned. The Motley Fool UK has no position in any of the shares mentioned. Views expressed on the companies mentioned in this article are those of the writer and therefore may differ from the official recommendations we make in our subscription services such as Share Advisor, Hidden Winners and Pro. Here at The Motley Fool we believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors.

2 metaverse stocks that could be future industry leaders

The realm of metaverse stocks is a relatively new concept to investors. But it’s already grabbing plenty of attention. The idea of creating a persistent 3D virtual environment through the internet is quite an exciting and ambitious goal. And achieving it will require some serious technological innovation.

With that in mind, what are the best metaverse stocks to invest in? A common go-to answer is the recently re-titled Meta Platforms (Facebook). But are there more promising opportunities elsewhere?

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A leader in graphical chips to power the metaverse

Designing a graphics processing unit (GPU) is an arduous task. That’s why there are only a handful of graphic card companies out there, the king of which is arguably Nvidia (NASDAQ:NVDA). Its technology is often synonymous with gaming. But its chips are being used throughout multiple industries, including cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and even self-driving cars.

Over the last decade, this stock has risen more than 8,500%! And even during the past 12 months, it continues to grow at an impressive triple-digit rate. That’s hardly surprising given the enormous and ongoing demand for Nvidia’s technology. And it’s why, to me at least, this stock is a prime candidate as a metaverse investment for my portfolio, although I’m not buying just yet.

The company is in fierce competition with Advanced Micro Devices, which has also begun tapping into similar target markets. The battle between these tech titans is unlikely to end any time soon. And it’s possible Nvidia could find it difficult to expand its market share, especially since its recent attempt to acquire Arm is in the process of being blocked by regulators. Nevertheless, I remain tempted by this firm’s track record.

A metaverse stock solving the building problem 

Modelling, unwrapping, and texturing 3D environments is a time-consuming process that’s easily one of the primary reasons video games take several years to make. As someone who previously worked in this industry, I believe building the metaverse using this traditional route is simply not a viable approach. That’s what makes Matterport (NASDAQ:MTTR) so intriguing.

This young business has developed its own photogrammetry technology that can be used from an iPhone. In simple terms, it deploys artificial intelligence to construct 3D environments by scanning real-life locations with a camera. A process that would take hours for an experienced 3D artist could take minutes for someone on their phone.

It’s undoubtedly impressive technology. But is there a viable business here? Matterport sells its software as a service through monthly subscriptions. This generates a recurring revenue stream growing at an impressive double-digit rate. Both are desirable traits, in my opinion.

However, like most technology stocks, it remains an unprofitable venture. And after only recently becoming minted as a public company, I think it’s a bit early to add it to my portfolio. But I’ll be closely watching Matterport moving forward.


Zaven Boyrazian has no position in any of the shares mentioned. The Motley Fool UK has no position in any of the shares mentioned. Views expressed on the companies mentioned in this article are those of the writer and therefore may differ from the official recommendations we make in our subscription services such as Share Advisor, Hidden Winners and Pro. Here at The Motley Fool we believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors.

3 reasons the BT share price can keep rising

The BT (LSE: BT.A) share price has been on a bumpy ride this year. After dropping to a low of around 120p at the beginning of February, the stock rallied above 200p in mid-July. The shares then plunged in value, falling to a low of 135p.

Since then, the BT share price has been pushing higher. It is currently trading around 173p after recovering from most of the losses in the third quarter. 

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Overall, over the past 12 months, shares in the telecommunications giant have jumped around 25%. However, I think there are three reasons why the stock can continue rising over the next few weeks and into 2022. 

BT share price: takeover potential 

The first reason I think the stock can continue rising is the bubbling takeover talk surrounding the business. Ever since French telecoms billionaire Patrick Drahi bought a 12% stake in BT over the summer, speculation has been swirling in the city that he will make a full offer for the company. 

In reality, I think it is unlikely such an offer will emerge. BT is a sprawling giant with a multi-billion pound pension deficit. Untangling the enterprise and managing these pension assets would be a hugely complicated process. These challenges are likely to put off buyers. 

What’s more, it is highly likely the government will interfere in any deal due to the national importance of the company and its influence over the UK’s communications network. 

Having said that, speculation of a potential acquisition could be enough to continue to push the stock higher. Drahi’s interest supports the idea that BT looks cheap. Considering his success as an investor, other market participants may want to ride his coattails and buy the stock. 

Reorganisation potential

As well as takeover speculation, investors may continue to buy BT as the corporation pushes ahead with its restructuring plans. This year, the group has undergone somewhat of a significant transformation. It is spending more money on its core telecoms business, focusing mainly on improving fibre connectivity around the country. 

At the same time, management has been trying to restructure non-core divisions, including the group’s pay-TV business. 

This has been a drain on the company for several years. BT’s pay-TV arm, which includes BT Sport, initially set out to capture a large share of this market by offering consumers an all-in-one package. Customers can bundle pay-TV, broadband and phone packages together in a straightforward package. 

Unfortunately, the division never lived up to management’s lofty expectations. Moreover, BT Sport became entangled in an arms race with Sky over sporting rights. The price these competitors were willing to pay to gain exclusive streaming rights for sporting events skyrocketed, and their returns plunged as a result. 

BT is now trying to untangle this business. It has agreed on a £600m deal with  streaming company DAZN to co-operate on a streaming sports business. There is also speculation that Discovery, the US media group which owns Eurosport, is in talks with BT about a joint venture for its sports businesses.

This initiative will allow the company to spend more time focusing on its core business model. It could also reduce losses and improve the offer for customers. 

Overall, I think the reorganisation of this business model will help improve the organisation’s sales and profitability. This is likely to lead to a higher share price when the benefits start to show through on the company’s bottom line. 

The undervalued BT share price 

The third and final reason why I believe the BT share price can continue to climb is the fact that the stock currently looks undervalued. 

Before the pandemic and the launch of the company’s new growth initiatives, the group was struggling. Net profit slumped from £2.5bn in 2016 to £2.2bn for 2019. Income has fallen further since, with the company reporting a net profit of £1.5bn for its 2021 financial year. 

This is expected to be the low point for the enterprise. Thanks to the company’s focus on customer service and network expansion, sales and profits are recovering, albeit at a relatively slow pace. 

According to the City, net income will hit £1.8bn for the company’s current financial year, rising to £2bn in fiscal 2023. 

Based on these projections, the stock is currently trading at a 2023 price-to-earnings (P/E) multiple of 8.5. This suggests the corporation is deeply undervalued at current levels. Historically, the BT share price has commanded a P/E of around 11, indicating the stock could have significant upside as the group continues to push ahead with its restructuring and growth plans. 

I think a profit recovery will be the catalyst that causes the market to take another look at the business. The company’s dividend is also returning this year. For the current financial year, analysts have pencilled in a dividend per share of 7.5p, giving a yield of 4.4% on the current stock price. 

This level of income is incredibly attractive for income investors in the current interest rate environment. 

Bumpy road ahead

However, I do not believe it will be plain sailing for the group from here on out.

The company faces a range of challenges. These include fighting off competition to meeting regulators’ demands for increased broadband connectivity across the UK. 

The group also has a lot of debt on its balance sheet. The cost of this debt could increase substantially if interest rates rise, which would impact overall profitability and hold back growth. And finally, the company has a multi-billion pound pension deficit. Management will have to find the cash to fill this gap. 

Still, despite these risks and challenges, I would be happy to buy to stock for my portfolio today, considering its growth potential and current valuation.


What’s next for the TUI share price?

The TUI (LSE: TUI) share price has significantly underperformed the market over the past year.

Since the beginning of December 2020, the stock has returned just 11%. In comparison, the FTSE All-Share index has returned around 17% over the same time frame, including dividends. 

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Markets around the world are reeling from the coronavirus pandemic… and with so many great companies trading at what look to be ‘discount-bin’ prices, now could be the time for savvy investors to snap up some potential bargains.

But whether you’re a newbie investor or a seasoned pro, deciding which stocks to add to your shopping list can be a daunting prospect during such unprecedented times.

Fortunately, The Motley Fool UK analyst team have short-listed five companies that they believe STILL boast significant long-term growth prospects despite the global upheaval…

We’re sharing the names in a special FREE investing report that you can download today. And if you’re 50 or over, we believe these stocks could be a great fit for any well-diversified portfolio.

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It is clear why the company has been struggling. The coronavirus pandemic has gutted the global travel industry, and it does not look as if this disruption will come to an end anytime soon. 

TUI has been bailed out three times already by the German government. Unfortunately, it was already facing significant challenges in the run-up to the pandemic. It had a large amount of debt and relatively weak profit margins.

What’s more, the travel industry tends to be unpredictable in nature, so TUI had always struggled to report consistent earnings. 

However, some analysts and investors have highlighted the stock as an excellent investment to own to play the global economic recovery, despite the company’s troubles. 

TUI share price risks

I am not so sure. As I noted above, the company was already in a difficult position before the pandemic. It is now in an even worse situation.

Even though it has been bailed out multiple times, its balance sheet is relatively weak. Moreover, each bailout came with a new set of restrictions such as limitations on dividend payments and management bonuses. 

Nevertheless, I do think it is likely that the group will see an increase in revenues over the next 12 months if the world continues to open up. In the most optimistic scenario, sales will rebound to 2019 levels. This would allow the corporation to reduce debt and move on from the pandemic. 

I think it is unlikely this scenario will play out. Travel restrictions continue to play a critical role in controlling the spread of the virus worldwide. Until the pandemic is truly under control, it seems likely some form of travel restrictions will remain in place. 

Treading water 

This suggests bookings at TUI and other travel operators will remain depressed. As such, it seems likely that the stock will continue to trade water in 2022.

Without a significant catalyst to push the shares higher, such as a substantial recovery in revenues and holiday bookings, I think the market will continue to wait for positive news.

If there is one thing the market hates more than anything else, it is uncertainty. And right now, there is a lot of uncertainty surrounding the TUI share price. No one can be sure what is just around the corner for the company. 

Therefore, I will not be buying the stock for my portfolio anytime soon. Until the group reports a material improvement in trading, I think it will remain a risky investment. I believe there are plenty of other companies on the market that offer better prospects considering the outlook for the travel industry and economy in general. 

FREE REPORT: Why this £5 stock could be set to surge

Are you on the lookout for UK growth stocks?

If so, get this FREE no-strings report now.

While it’s available: you’ll discover what we think is a top growth stock for the decade ahead.

And the performance of this company really is stunning.

In 2019, it returned £150million to shareholders through buybacks and dividends.

We believe its financial position is about as solid as anything we’ve seen.

  • Since 2016, annual revenues increased 31%
  • In March 2020, one of its senior directors LOADED UP on 25,000 shares – a position worth £90,259
  • Operating cash flow is up 47%. (Even its operating margins are rising every year!)

Quite simply, we believe it’s a fantastic Foolish growth pick.

What’s more, it deserves your attention today.

So please don’t wait another moment.

Get the full details on this £5 stock now – while your report is free.


Rupert Hargreaves has no position in any of the shares mentioned. The Motley Fool UK has no position in any of the shares mentioned. Views expressed on the companies mentioned in this article are those of the writer and therefore may differ from the official recommendations we make in our subscription services such as Share Advisor, Hidden Winners and Pro. Here at The Motley Fool we believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors.

New UK stock market listing rules: what they mean for investors



The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) recently amended its stock market listing rules in an effort to encourage more companies to go public in the UK. The new rules officially came into force on 3 December.

So, what are the rule changes? And more importantly, what could the new listing regime mean for investors? Let’s find out.

What are the FCA’s new listing rules?

According to the FCA, the new rules are based on recommendations made in Lord Hill’s UK Listing Review and the Kalifa Review of UK Fintech. They are mostly aimed at companies planning to go public in 2022.

They include:

  • Allowing a targeted form of dual-class share structure within the premium listing segment. Dual-class shares tend to be quite popular among founders. This is because it gives them additional voting rights and essentially allows them to retain more control of their companies.
  • Increasing the minimum market capitalisation threshold from £700,000 to £30 million. This will apply to both the premium and standard listing segments for shares in ordinary commercial companies.
  • Reducing the number of shares an issuer is required to have in public hands (i.e. free float) from 25% to 10%. This change, like the one for dual-class share structure, gives founders more control over their companies. It may also allow them to list their companies earlier.

The new rules follow others that were implemented in August 2021 to make it easier for special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs) to list in London.

What do the new listing rules mean for investors?

The new listing rules could lead to an increase in investment opportunities for investors.

It is a well-known fact that many companies have previously been turned off from floating their shares on the London market due to its strict listing rules. The lack of dual-class shares for the premium segment, for example, has driven many tech companies away from London to other markets such as the US, where this particular feature is quite common.

But things could change with the new rules and more firms may now choose to conduct their IPOs in London. This could give investors a greater choice of stocks to add to their portfolios.

Clare Cole, director of market oversight at the FCA, said: “These changes ensure the UK’s markets maintain their reputation for dynamism, helping support the new types of companies seeking the investment that drives economic growth and by giving investors more choice with appropriate protection.”

However, with more opportunities comes the need for extra caution among investors.

Speaking to Capital.com, Russ Mould, investment director at AJ Bell, warned that: “Dual-class share structures and a lower free float may tempt more entrepreneurs to London but it may tempt more charlatans as well, and in the process raise the risk of poor governance costing investors their hard-earned savings.”

He suggests that a string of successful IPOs may tempt investors to let their guard down and possibly put their money in questionable companies.

Therefore, as much as there is a promise of more opportunities under the new rules, investors will still need to do their due diligence before putting their money into any company to avoid getting burned.

How can you invest in the UK stock market?

Do you wish to start investing in the UK stock market and potentially capitalise on the new opportunities that are likely to come with the new listing rules? It’s quite simple to get started.

All you need to do is to open an online share dealing account with a reputable provider. We’ve created a list of top-rated providers of shared dealing accounts in the UK to help you narrow down your options.

If you plan on investing an amount of up to £20,000, consider investing through a stocks and shares ISA. Any returns from investments made within a stocks and shares ISA are usually tax free.

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What’s going on with the Renalytix share price?

It’s been a gloomy time recently to own Renalytix (LSE: RENX). While the share price has increased 20% over the past year, at the time of writing this article yesterday, it’s lost over half its value since May.

Could this be a buying opportunity for the kidney diagnostics specialist? Below I consider what has been driving the share price action and whether I should add Renalytix back into my portfolio.

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The growth challenge

Early investor sentiment (including mine) on Renalytix was positive. Its proprietary diagnostic platform offered an attractive business model. Development costs could be substantial. But the platform’s scalability meant that if enough healthcare users signed up, the profits could be substantial.

I think that continues to be the case. But the Renalytix share price is now showing some impact from the challenge of meeting high growth expectations. To launch a service from a standing start requires substantial investment in things like sales capability. In a regulated industry such as healthcare, it can take a while for potential customers to start buying new services. That means revenue growth can be slow at first, while costs stack up.

Growing costs

That’s exactly the picture right now at Renalytix, as shown in the company’s latest set of quarterly results that it released this week. The company has expanded its sales force, begun clinical testing with a couple of new healthcare providers and increased the ordering base in its launch site.

Revenues remain very modest, but at $0.5m they do compare favourably to the zero revenues reported in the equivalent quarter last year. However, quarterly operating expenses also ballooned, from $5.4m to $12.1m. That led to a larger loss for the quarter than in the comparable period, of $10.1m.

Is Renalytix moving in the right direction?

What does all this mean for the company’s outlook? It’s hard to tell just yet. A growing sales force should lead to higher revenues over time. There are signs that things are moving in the right direction on that score, with increased testing and service rollout, albeit still on a limited scale.

But that’s coming in at a growing cost. Net cash outflow due to operating activities in the quarter was $10.5m. With cash and cash equivalents on hand of $54.3m at the end of September, the company has enough cash for around five quarters of such net cash outflow. But a growing cost base as headcount grows could lead to cash outflow quickening. One solution to that would be to raise more funds, for example by issuing shares. That risks diluting existing shareholders.

On balance, I think the company is making the right moves, but it’s too early to tell if they will produce the desired financial results. That explains the fall in the Renalytix share price, I feel. And I think it could fall further in coming quarters if revenues don’t grow substantially.

My next move

I continue to like the Renalytix story. It has a large addressable market and attractive proprietary technology with growing clinical proof to help attract healthcare customers.

But revenues are yet to take off in a big way, while costs are mounting. In the absence of further positive sales news, I won’t be buying Renalytix again for my portfolio right now.


Christopher Ruane has no position in any of the shares mentioned. The Motley Fool UK has no position in any of the shares mentioned. Views expressed on the companies mentioned in this article are those of the writer and therefore may differ from the official recommendations we make in our subscription services such as Share Advisor, Hidden Winners and Pro. Here at The Motley Fool we believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors.

What’s happening with the Stagecoach share price?

Sometimes I can wait ages for a bus and then suddenly there’s a flurry of action. It’s been a somewhat similar story for shareholders in Stagecoach (LSE: SGC) lately, with the shares moving up and down markedly this month. Over the past year, the Stagecoach share price has fallen 3%, at the time of writing this article yesterday.

Below I look at what’s driving the price movement – and what might come next.

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Decent interim results

Yesterday, Stagecoach issued its interim results covering the six months to the end of October. These contained some good news. Revenue of £579m beat the equivalent period last year, which was heavily affected by pandemic restrictions. Pre-tax profit came in at £31m and earnings per share were 1.9p. The company is cash flow positive. It also reduced net debt from £313m to £268m.

All of that suggests to me that the business is moving in a positive direction. It also suggests that the worst of the pandemic impact may now be in Stagecoach’s rear view mirror.

However, there are still some grounds for concern that I think may be troubling investors. For example, for most of November, passenger journeys were at over 70% of the equivalent 2019 levels. But that figure has since softened, due to factors such as pandemic variant concerns. This shows that sudden demand shocks remain an ongoing risk to the company’s revenues and profits. But more worryingly, the passenger recovery of “over 70%” seems fairly weak to me. It means that around a quarter of all passenger journeys that were being taken before the pandemic have not rematerialised to date. Compare that to recovery in retail and hospitality, for example, where some operators have recovered or surpassed their 2019 levels of customer demand. It may be that there have been structural shifts in working patterns and willingness to travel on buses. That threatens both revenues and profits at Stagecoach.

Merger speculation

Another driver for movements in the share price in recent months has been speculation around a possible combination with rival National Express. The interim results were vague on this, saying that “constructive discussions are continuing with National Express Group plc on a potential combination of both groups that would deliver strong value creation for both sets of shareholders”.

That doesn’t reveal much, although it does suggest that getting a good deal for Stagecoach shareholders, not just National Express investors, could be a sticking point in the discussions. As time goes on, I detect a limited hunger to do a deal here. If that turns out to be the case and no merger materialises, it could drive the Stagecoach share price lower. But I reckon the investment case for the company doesn’t require a merger. So longer term I’m not worried if it doesn’t happen.

My next move on Stagecoach

The possibility of a takeover premium has boosted the Stagecoach share price. Yet I feel that improving demand and profitability should help to boost the company over the long term, with or without a merger. While I have concerns about the limits of demand recovery, I thought the interim results showed a company in recovery mode. If that continues for the full year, it could help support a higher share price. I will continue to hold my shares.

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Christopher Ruane owns shares in Stagecoach. The Motley Fool UK has no position in any of the shares mentioned. Views expressed on the companies mentioned in this article are those of the writer and therefore may differ from the official recommendations we make in our subscription services such as Share Advisor, Hidden Winners and Pro. Here at The Motley Fool we believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors.

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